Case Learning Outcomes

Learning Outcomes

Case 18 addresses HIV/AIDS in the context of August, a 48-year-old male, admitted to hospital with a history of HIV/AIDS diagnosis       

• HIV/AIDs diagnosis
• Co-infection with tuberculosis 
• Altered laboratory values
• Medication-related nutrition-impact symptoms
• Anorexia (lack or loss of appetite for food)
• Dysgeusia (altered sense of taste)
• Increased demands for energy and protein
• Diarrhea
• Persistent cough and shortness of breath
• Malnutrition 
• Mucositis
• Weakness and malaise
• Minimal dietary intake for more than 3 weeks
• Food and nutrition-related knowledge deficit      

       

After completing this case study, users will be able to:

1. Describe the pathology of HIV/AIDS and identify associated risks and risk factors.

2. Assess the nutritional status of a patient who is HIV/AIDS positive.

3. Gather and assess food and nutrition history information specific to HIV.

• Estimate energy and protein intake 
• Estimate micronutrient requirements 
• Assess the patients' knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and behaviours regarding the condition

4. Analyse the Nutrition Assessment data to identify an accurate Nutrition Diagnosis.

• Develop a series of PES statements for a patient who is HIV positive
• Prioritise the clinical concerns of the patient to rank PES statements in order of importance

5. Develop a Nutrition Prescription and Intervention plan. 

• Identify short-/long-term goals for this patient and align goals with nutrition outcomes
• Outline the nutritional interventions as part of your management plan
• Identify specific behavioral-change targets
• Consider the nutritional education/counselling approach relevant to the patient's assessment, specific to their identified status of behaviour.

6. Develop a monitoring and evaluation plan

• Consider how you would monitor/evaluate this patient's progress 

. Reflective practice

• Reflect on your management of this case. Are there any specific areas you feel you could have improved on?
  Detail your changes for future practice. 

7. Pass the end-of-case study quiz

• Test your knowledge of nutrition and HIV with a multiple choice quiz

References        
1.  Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Nutrition Terminology Reference Manual (eNCPT): Dietetics Language for Nutrition Care. 2019. Accessed 6 May 2023. Available from: https://www.ncpro.org/.     
2.  Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Nutrition Terminology Reference Manual (eNCPT): Dietetics Language for Nutrition Care. NCP Step 2: Nutrition Diagnosis. 2019. Accessed 6 May 2023. Available from: https://www.ncpro.org/pubs/encpt-en/page-036.